Free notes, textbooks, and exam-focused resources designed for Indian banking professionals.
As per the current guidelines, Securitisation is allowed only in the case of standard assets while lenders have to largely rely on Asset Reconstruction Companies (ARCs) for bad assets. Based…
IntroductionDerivatives are financial instruments whose value is derived from an underlying asset such as stocks, bonds, commodities, interest rates, or currencies. Common types include futures, options, forwards, and swaps. These…
Credit risk measurement is a critical component of a comprehensive credit risk management framework. It involves quantifying the potential financial loss arising from a borrower’s failure to meet contractual obligations.…
The meaning of credit risk in the business of lending is easy enough to understand and explain. Credit risk arises when a bank borrower or counter- party fails to meet…
Risk identification is the foundational step in an effective Credit Risk Management Framework. It involves proactively recognizing potential sources of credit risk at both the portfolio and transaction levels. This…
IntroductionIn a dynamic and increasingly complex financial environment, ensuring the soundness and quality of a bank’s credit portfolio is critical. One of the key instruments in achieving this objective is…
A sound credit risk management framework is built on a clearly defined organizational structure, supported by established roles, responsibilities, and reporting lines. This structure enables the effective identification, assessment, monitoring,…
The ‘Securitisation’ is a two-stage process in which pool of assets are structured or packaged and sold by an originator(Banks and financial institutions) to a bankruptcy remote* special purpose vehicle…
IntroductionEffective trading liquidity management is a critical aspect of market risk management in banking. Given the volatility in financial markets—driven by changes in interest rates, exchange rates, equity prices, and…
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