IntroductionThe Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has issued comprehensive guidelines on credit risk management with a specific emphasis on the development and utilization of Credit Information Systems. These guidelines are intended to strengthen the credit appraisal and monitoring mechanisms of financial institutions, reduce the incidence of Non-Performing Assets (NPAs), and promote a prudent and resilient…
The National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) is the adjudicating authority (quasi-judicial authority) for the insolvency resolution process of companies and limited liability partnerships under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016. Previously, there were four different legal forums viz. High Courts, Company Law Boards, Board for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction (BIFR), and Debt Recovery Tribunal (DRT)…
IntroductionCredit risk, also referred to as default risk, represents the potential for financial loss resulting from a borrower’s failure to repay a loan or meet contractual debt obligations. It is a critical concern for financial institutions, investors, and other lenders, who must evaluate and manage this risk to protect their capital and ensure financial stability.…
IntroductionCredit risk management and credit rating are interrelated components of a sound lending framework, enabling financial institutions to evaluate and mitigate the risk of borrower default. While credit risk management encompasses internal strategies and procedures aimed at minimizing losses from defaults, credit ratings—typically assigned by external agencies—provide an independent evaluation of a borrower’s creditworthiness. Together,…
(This post elucidates details of timelines for implementation of Resolution Plan (RP) and insolvency application to be filed by the lenders if a RP is not implemented as per the timeline.) In terms of RBI circular dated February 12, 2018, the ‘Resolution Plans’ (RP) under IBC shall be implemented within the timeline given below in…
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI), as the central monetary authority of the country, employs credit control as a critical tool of monetary policy to regulate the availability, cost, and direction of credit in the economy. The objective is to achieve key macroeconomic goals such as price stability, sustainable economic growth, and overall financial stability.…
The definition of Non-Cooperative Borrowers is originally defined in RBI circular dated 26.02.2014 on ‘Frame work for Revitalizing Distressed Assets in the Economy-Guidelines on Joint Lenders’ Forum (JLF) and Corrective Action Plan (CAP). The definition of a Non-Cooperative Borrower as contained therein is modified by RBI on December 22,2014, which reads as under: “A non-cooperative…
IntroductionCredit control is a structured approach employed by businesses and financial institutions to manage credit risk and ensure that customers meet their payment obligations in a timely manner. It plays a pivotal role in sustaining financial stability and optimizing cash flow. What is Credit Control?Credit control refers to the procedures used by businesses to determine…
[The identification of a ‘wilful defaulter’ is done on the basis of eventual conclusion that the default is intentional, deliberate and calculated. The process of categorizations of the ‘wilful defaulter’ is required to be done thoughtfully on the basis of track record of the borrower/guarantor and not on the basis of an isolated transaction or incident.…
Ratings are based on a comprehensive evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the company fundamentals including financials along with an in-depth study of the industry and macroeconomic, regulatory, and political environment. Some factors that may be considered for credit rating are the Issuer Company’s operational efficiency, level of technological development, financials, competence and effectiveness…