Section 138 NI Act: Supreme Court’s Fresh Perspective on Cash Loans, Partner Liability & Compounding

The latest Supreme Court pronouncements on Section 138 NI Act in 2025 reaffirm statutory presumptions in favour of the payee, clarify procedural streamlining for faster trials, and address key substantive issues like cash loans above ₹20,000, partnership liability, territorial jurisdiction, and the effect of settlements on convictions. ​ Core holdings (2025) Key case highlights Notice…

e‑Passport in India: Step‑by‑Step Process, Documents required, Fees, and Key Features

India’s e‑passport follows the same application flow as a regular passport through the Passport Seva system, but the booklet contains an embedded RFID chip compliant with ICAO standards for stronger security and faster immigration processing. Applicants apply online, book an appointment at a PSK/POPSK, complete biometrics and document verification in person, and receive the e‑passport…

BIHAR State 2026 Bank Holidays

Here is the NI Act (gazetted) list of bank holidays in Bihar for 2026, as approved by the Bihar Government for observance under the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881. Dates below reflect the state-notified list for banking operations and cheque clearing. Notes for practitioners Disclaimer: While due care and diligence have been exercised in compiling the…