Section 5(b) of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, provides “banking” means the accepting, for the purpose of lending or investment, of deposits of money from the public, repayable on demand or otherwise, and withdrawable by cheque, draft, order or otherwise. Banking is a system of financial institutions, such as scheduled Commercial banks, Local Area Banks,…
The Reserve Bank of India is the Central Bank of India, was set up before the independence of India based on the recommendations of the Hilton Young Commission in 1935 as a private bank with the enactment of the RBI act 1934. The bank was constituted to regulate the issue of banknotes, Maintain reserves to…
The introduction of reforms in the banking sector was based on the commendations of different committees such as the First Narasimham Committee- 1991, the Verma Committee – 1996, the Khan Committee – 1997, the Second Narasimham Committee – 1998, etc. The government of India and RBI have navigated the banking crises in India using both…
Post 1991 economic crisis in India, it was felt that banks had a crucial role to play in the economy and that banks in India were not performing efficiently. The Government took several steps to remodel the country’s financial system. For that, Dr.Manmohan Singh, then finance minister, initiated revamping the banking sector in India. A…
(The India Financial System falls into 3 different phases: Phase I: Pre-1951 organisation, Phase II: 1951 to Mid-eighties organisation, Phase III: Post-Nineties Organisation) The evolution of the financial system in India may be divided into three broad phases: (I) the traditional phase (Pre 1951 organisation,) (II) the transitional phase (1951 to Mid-eighties organisation,) and (iii)…
A financial system is a network of financial institutions – such as insurance companies, stock exchanges, commercial banks, etc. The financial system of a country plays a dynamic role in economic development by encouraging both savings and investment. The system operates at national and global levels. Though they are not the same across the…
A commodity market is a marketplace where investors trade several commodities like spices, energy, precious metals, and crude oil within a country. Investors can gain exposure to commodities by buying them on the market, investing in companies that produce them, or putting money into futures contracts whose value is derived from their price changes. Commodities…
A financial instrument is any asset that holds capital and may be traded on the market. Cheques, stocks, shares, bonds, futures, and options contracts are all types of financial instruments. Money Market Funds (also known as liquid funds), Bank Fixed Deposit (Bank FDs), Post Office Savings Schemes, Public Provident Funds (PPF), Company Fixed Deposits (FDs),…
A financial market is a marketplace that provides an avenue for the sale and purchase of assets such as bonds, stocks, foreign exchange, and derivatives. Stock market: The stock market trades shares of ownership of public companies. (To know more read: Stock exchange) Bond market/debt market: The bond market offers companies and the government opportunities…
The organised sector mainly includes banks, Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs), and Nidhi companies, where the first two are governed by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the Ministry of Corporate Affairs is responsible for the regulation of Nidhi Companies. The informal financial sector comprises partnership firms, sole proprietary concerns, individuals, and institutions like Local…