In the financial market many investors prefer for investments in bond portfolio which can provide them the decent yields with a lower level of volatility than equities. Further, the bonds issued by corporates offer with a higher income than the money market funds or bank instruments. However, the volatility in interest rate in the financial…
Delivery versus payment (DvP) is the mode of settlement system that stipulates that cash payment must be made prior to or simultaneously with the delivery of the security. The system ensures that unless the funds are paid, the securities are not delivered and vice versa and it completely eliminates the settlement risk in transactions. The…
A foreign currency convertible bond (FCCB) is a special kind of convertible bond issued in a currency different than the issuer’s domestic currency. Multinational companies and governments routinely issue bonds denominated in various currencies to benefit from lower borrowing costs, and also match their currency inflows and outflows. FCCB gives investors an opportunity to convert…
‘Gilts’ is the short form for gilt-edged securities- so called because they carry no risk. Gilt Account Holder (GAH)/Constituent means an entity or a person including ‘a person resident outside India’ maintaining a “Gilt Account” with a Custodian.[“Custodian” is a primary member (PM) permitted by the Reserve Bank of India to open and maintain Constituent…
Corporate governance is the system of rules, practices and processes by which a company is directed and controlled. Corporate governance essentially involves balancing the interests between companies and their stakeholders, such as shareholders, management, customers, suppliers, financiers, government and the society. Corporate governance specifies the distribution of rights and responsibilities among different participants in the…
In simple words, if an investment is held till its maturity date, the rate of return that it will generate will be Yield to Maturity. YTM is the estimated internal rate of return earned by an investor who buys the bond today at the market rate on the assumption that it will be held until…
Alternative Investment Fund or AIF refers to funds established or incorporated in India which is a privately pooled investment vehicle that collects funds from super-rich investors, whether Indian or foreign, for investing by a defined investment policy for the benefit of its investors. Category I AIF: * Venture capital funds (Including Angel Funds) * SME…
We generally identify four different types of economies viz. market economy, command/Planned economy, mixed economy and traditional economy. Let us examine here how these economies function. What is market economy? Market economy is an economy in which most goods and services are produced and distributed through free markets wherein the market determines investments, production, distribution…
Capitalism is an economic and political system in which private ownership controls the trade and industry of the country. In capitalism system the wealth is concentrated in the hands of a few people. The idea of these private owners is capital accumulation; make maximum profit without worrying about social constraints like unemployment, exploitation of labours…
Micro economics refer to supply and an individual market. In other hand is macroeconomics is the study of a national economy as a whole. The key difference between micro and macroeconomics are distinguished as under. Microeconomics Macroeconomics Microeconomics studies the particular market segment of the economy Macroeconomics studies the whole economy, that covers several market…