The assessment LC/LG limits are fixed by banks based on annual consumption of raw material to be purchased against LC or LG. The raw material holding in terms of consumption is worked out as under.
Ascertain from customer the requirement of Consumption of Material (CM) per annum, which is to be purchased under LC or LG.
Find out Procurement Time or lead time (PT) for importing the materials.
(Procurement Time or Lead time means the time taken in recving the goods including transit period after the LC is opened)
If the material is purchased under credit, add usance period or Credit Period (CP) to procurement time.
We get Total Time (TT) when we add credit period to procurement period. TT=PT+CP
If CM is Annual Consumption of Material to be purchased against LC or LG
We can compute the LG or LC limit required to the company by dividing the annual consumption of raw material to be purchased against LC or LG and same is divided by 12 and multiplied by total time.(i.e.Monthly purchases ×total time) . Note: Purchase value of goods for assessment of LC is done on the basis of CIF (cost, insurance and frieght) of goodsWht is EOQ-economic order quantity which is calculated by source of supply,means of transport and any discount.
Thus the formula for LC/LG Limit=CM×TT ÷ 12
However, if minimum quantity (EOQ-economic order quantity) to be procured is more than the limit arrived, such request should be considered. This equation is to be adapted for LC under DA terms as well as for inland LG.( The EOQ-economic order quantity is calculated taking into account of source of supply,means of transport and any discount for order of larger quantity etc.).
Illustration 1: calculation of DP- LC limit:
(i)Total annual purchase: 12000000
(ii) of which purchase under LC (50%) :6000000
(iii) Of import of RM under LC (50%): 3000000
Assessment of Inland LC:
Lead time: 2 months
Monthly purchase for indigenous RM (6000000-3000000)/12 =2, 50,000
Therefore, Inland LC requirement (Monthly purchase x lead time i.e 250000×2 = 5, 00,000…… (A)
Assessment of import LC:
Monthly purchase of import RM (3000000/12) = 250000
Lead time: 4 months
Import LC requirement: 250000×4= 1000000 (B)
Total LC requirement (A+B) = 500000+1000000= 1500000 i.e. LC limit of Rs.15 lakh with the sublimit of Rs.10 lakh for import LC and Rs.5 lakh for domestic LC.
Illustration 2 : Calculation of LC-DA limit
In the above example assume that there is usance of 2 months available in both for domestic and import cases. While assessing the LC under Usance, the usance period is to be added to the lead time.
- Inland LC requirement= (monthly purchase x (lead time+ usance period
= (250000 x (2.00+2.00) = 10, 00000
- Import LC requirement =(monthly purchase x (lead time+ usance period)
= (250000 x (4.00+2.00) = 15, 00000
Total LC requirement (i) +(ii)= 25 lakhs with the sublimits of Rs.10 lakh for domestic LC and Rs.15 lakh for import LC.
Illustration 3: Calculation of (import) DA- LC limit with EOQ (Economic order quantity)
Total annual purchase of import RM = 30 00000…………. (A)
Monthly requirement of import RM=250000……………… (B)
Minimum order level (EOQ) = 1000000……………………….. (C)
No. of LC required to be opened (A/B) 3000000/1000000=3……… (D)
Frequency of LCs: (12/ No. of LC required to be opened) =12/3 =4 months…………………… (E)
Therefore Import order will be placed under LC once in 4 months.
However,Credit (usance)available for 6 months and lead time is 2 months
Total lead time is (2+6) = 8 months………………………………… (F)
Since the second order of RM under LC shall be placed by the customer before the retirement of first LC is for Rs.10lakh, therefore LC outstanding at any point of time shall be less than Rs.20 lakhs.
In the instant case Import LC requirement without EOQ:
LC limit without EOQ = (monthly purchase x (lead time+ Usance period)
= (250000x (2.00+6.00) = 2000000/- (Twenty Lakhs]
Assessment of DPG/APG: Assessment of DPG is done in the same method term loan is assessed, as it is a substitution of the term loan. The assessment of Advance Payment Guarantee (APG) is done in the same way for fund based limits. Since the borrower receives advance payment for the material to be supplied by him at future date, advance received should be reduced from working capital gap.
Effect on Working Capital limit:Whenever LC/LG limits are sanctioned for import of raw material or goods imported for the trading purpose such limit shall normally help in reducing the working capital limit. Therefore, following points are to be noticed while sanctioning/opening LCs
- In the case of DA LCs, the customer gets sufficient time to process or sell the goods imported. Hence the cash flow of the transaction must be studied for DA LCs.
- The LC limit for working capital purpose shall be considered based on annual consumption of raw material to be purchased. The limit sought after must be consistent with the known trade practice of the borrower.
- The LC limit sanctioned for working capital purpose cannot be used for import of capital goods. Bank has to check up from the customer how he would arrange funds for retirement of LC opened for import of capital goods (either by term loan or from other sources for margin etc.).
- Related articles:
- 5 Steps of Credit Appraisal
- How to appraise term loan proposals?
- Computation of working capital limits under Turn-Over method (Nayak Committee Norms)
- Cash Budget pattern of financing seasonal productions
- Things to know before starting appraisal of working capital limits
- How the length of operating period (Holding period for stocks and receivables) is measured?
CAN YOU SEND ALL THIS MATERIAL, AS IT IS VERY USEFUL FOR CREDIT ASSESSMENT , MAY IT BE TL/CC/NON FUND LIMIT
IS THERE ANY FEE KINDLY INFORM
BUT IT IS SIMPLE TO UNDERSTAND & WORTH
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I am a Chief Manager SBI and want to connected with you
Welcome!
Sir, your article is really helpful. May I get an example or cash study in the reference of LC BG assessment. Regards Sanchit Kumar
Click the following link: https://bankingschool.co.in/financial-analysis/how-to-calculate-lc-and-lg-limits/
HI,
I want to understand whether Bills payable under usance LC forming a part of current liabilities will be included under other than bank borrowing and be reduced from current liabilities for the purpose of computation of working capital gap?
If the bill under usance LC is already negotiated by the bank it will not be treated as current liabilities of the firm. At the same time, it cannot be treated as bills receivable (asset) as the customer has received the bills proceed from the bank.
Whether Non Fund Based Capital Limit ( LC and LG) amount is included in the calculation of MPBF ?
If non-fund based limits are sanctioned for purchase of capital goods such limit does not affect working capital limit to be sanctioned to the borrower. Whenever LC/LG limits are sanctioned for import of raw material or goods imported for the trading purpose such limit shall normally help in reducing the working capital limit. In case of performance guarantees also advance received by the borrower is to be taken into account for considering working capital limits.
Thanks a lot for your early revert