The repo rate is the rate at which the central bank of a country (Reserve Bank of India in the case of India) lends money to commercial banks in the event of any shortfall of funds. The repo rate is used by monetary authorities to control inflation. It is economically similar to a secured loan.
Tri-party repo (TREP) is a type of repo contract where a third entity (apart from the borrower and lender), called a Tri-Party Agent, acts as an intermediary between the two parties to the repo to facilitate services like collateral selection, payment, and settlement, custody, and management during the life of the transaction as per RBI Master Directions 2018 and subsequent amendments from time to time.
In a TREPs transaction, a party sells a treasury bill to another party with an agreement to buy it back on a mutually agreed future date (which could be overnight or up to a year) at an agreed price. This also includes interest for funds that are borrowed. TREPs are undertaken through the Clearing Corporation of India Ltd (CCIL), which acts as a counterparty to all trades.
Tri-party repos (TREPs) a risk-free borrowing and lending transactions against government-issued securities by financial institutions, banks, mutual funds, etc. The intermediary (broker) will ensure both legs of the repo go through smoothly, and fix the rates as well.
The aim of introducing the Tri-party repo was to improve liquidity in the corporate bond repo market, thereby providing an alternative to the Government securities repo.
NSE has agreed to offer the Tri-party repo product of ARCL for trading on NSE’s Tri-party repo Market Trading Platform. In this product, ARCL will be responsible for Clearing & Settlement, Product Specifications, and will play the role of Tri-Party Agent. ARCL is a limited purpose clearing corporation (LPCC) and is recognized by SEBI under Securities Contracts (Regulation) (Stock Exchanges and Clearing Corporations) Regulations, 2018 (“SECC Regulations, 2018”).
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