Disclosure and treatment of Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets in a financial statement
Accounting Standard (Ind AS 37) defines and specifies the accounting for and disclosure of provisions, contingent liabilities, and contingent assets. A contingent liability is a liability that may occur depending on the outcome of an uncertain future event. It is a possible obligation that may or may not arise depending on how a future event…
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Explained: Undisclosed Reserves of Commercial Banks
Undisclosed reserves are on the books of the banks, but “hidden” from the public and not listed on the balance sheets or other financial statements. Such reserves are part of Tier 2 capital of the bank along with general loan-loss, revaluation reserves hybrid capital instruments, and subordinated term debt. The undisclosed reserves are generally getting…
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ARR: Accounting Rate of Return-advantages and drawbacks
Accounting rate of return (ARR) is a formula that reflects the percentage rate of return expected on an investment, or asset, compared to the initial investment’s cost. ARR calculation can be helpful for a business to determine whether going ahead with a particular investment is the right move. How to calculate ARR? The investing entity…
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What are capital budgeting and cash budget system?
Edited and reposted on August 19, 2021 The Capital Budgeting (also known as investment appraisal) is the process of project appraisal to decide whether the big investment in such a long term project is worth pursuing. The long term investment may be needed to a company for technology up gradations, purchase of new machinery, expansion…
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What is the meaning of the Revaluation Reserves of a bank?
Revaluation reserves arise from revaluation of assets that are undervalued in the bank’s books. These assets which can be revalued are bank premises and marketable securities. Such revalued reserves often serve as a cushion against unexpected losses, but they may be temporary in nature and cannot be considered as ‘Core Capital’ of a bank. The…
All these 15 Types of Bank Audits you need to know
The audit is classified into many different types and levels of assurance according to the objectives, scopes, purposes, and procedures of how auditing is performed. The financial statement auditing is done normally in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (ISA) as well as other local auditing standards. An operational audit involves checking the efficiency of…
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