Effective Liquidity Management: Definition, Importance, and Strategic Approaches

Definition and ImportanceLiquidity management refers to the strategic process by which an organization, particularly a financial institution, ensures the availability of sufficient cash or easily convertible liquid assets to meet its short-term financial obligations. This involves maintaining an optimal balance between holding enough cash to manage day-to-day operations and maximizing returns on surplus funds through…

Asset Classification and Provisioning Norms in Banks

Overview:Asset classification refers to the process by which banks and financial institutions categorize their loans and advances based on the level of credit risk and potential default. This classification is crucial for determining appropriate provisioning—i.e., the amount banks must set aside from their profits to cover potential loan losses. Adequate provisioning ensures financial stability and…

Basel Norms: Scope and Application – Pillar 1, Pillar 2, and Pillar 3

The Basel framework—comprising Basel I, Basel II, and Basel III—establishes international standards for banking regulation, with a primary focus on capital adequacy, risk management, and market discipline. This framework is structured around three mutually reinforcing pillars, designed to promote the safety and soundness of the global banking system. Scope of Application Pillar 1: Minimum Capital…