(This post elucidates various terminologies used by banks in their dealing rooms for limit fixed to them in their day to day operations by their management) The Treasury operations in the forex (foreign exchange) market are between the banks. The inter-bank foreign currency operations are taking place for two purposes namely (i). Buying and selling…
Trade Credit (Buyer’s credit/supplier credit) can be raised by Indian importers in any freely convertible foreign currency (FCY-denominated TC) or Indian Rupee (INR-denominated TC), as per the Trade Credits (TC) framework. Buyers’ credit finance means finance for payment of imports in India arranged by the importer (buyer) from a bank or financial institution outside India.…
The interest Equalisation Scheme (IES) for pre and post shipment rupee export credit is being implemented by Directorate (DGFT) through commercial banks.The scheme came into effect from 01.04.2015 and is for a period of 5 years.(The scheme was earlier called as ‘interest subvention scheme’ which was existing for the period from August 2010 to 31.03.2015).…
Foreign exchange Management Act (FEMA) 1999 came into effect in India from June 1, 2000 replacing earlier law FERA 1973. FEMA is a regulatory mechanism that enables the Reserve Bank of India to pass regulations and the Central Government to pass rules relating to foreign exchange in tune with the Foreign Trade policy of India.…
Option is an agreement between two parties offering to buy or sell a security (a stock, bond, commodity or other instruments) from or to the other party at a specified price within a specific time period. In option contracts, there is no obligation on the part of buyer or seller to buy or sell the…
A forward contract is a privately negotiated agreement between two parties to buy or to sell an asset at a specified price on a future date. Under forward contract, there is an obligation for the buyer to pay for what has been bought and receive delivery thereof as per contract, and for the seller to give…
A ‘Swap’ is an act of exchanging one thing for another. In derivative market, currencies swap, interest rates swap or commodities swaps are most common. Currency Swap: When buying and selling of a foreign currency with different delivery dates simultaneously take place, it is called SWAP transaction. Currency swaps are used to hedge interest rate…
The export order received by an exporter from a foreign buyer may be on FOB terms, CIF firms, and CIP or CPT terms are among the most common of the 12 international commerce terms (incoterms) established by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) in 1936. These are international shipping agreements used in the transportation of…
The maxim practiced by the banks is “Buy Low Sell High” for direct quotations and “Buy high Sell Low” for indirect quotation. Let us take an example of a fruit vendor who purchases apple from the market at 1 KG apple for Rs.75 and sells the same to his customers at 1KG apple for Rs.90/-.…
There are two ways to quote a currency pair, known as direct quote and indirect quote. A direct currency quote or home currency quote is simply a currency pair in which the domestic currency is the quoted currency and the foreign currency is the base currency. In the other words, the direct quote varies the…