In India, over 90% of Treasury operations, in the forex (foreign exchange) market are between the banks. The inter-bank foreign currency operations are taking place for two purposes namely (i). Buying and selling foreign currency on behalf of their customers as an intermediary. (ii). Proprietary trading (buying and selling currencies on its own account) with…
The treasury management (or treasury operations) can be explained as the management of the best possible use of surplus funds, maintain liquidity, reduce the overall cost of funds, and mitigate operational and financial risk. Traditionally, banks used to have two separate departments for treasury operations of a bank namely the domestic treasury/investment operations of a…
Buyers’ credit finance means finance for payment of imports in India arranged by the importer (buyer) from a bank or financial institution outside India. The suppliers’ credit means credits extended for imports directly by the overseas supplier instead of a bank or financial institution. Although both buyers’ credit and supplier credit are credit facilities to…
The salient features of the framework for Rupee denominated bonds overseas under External Commercial Borrowing policy are as follows. Eligibility to borrow: All corporate or corporate body, Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) and Infrastructure Investment Trusts (REITs) are eligible to borrow under ECB policy. Investors in bonds: Any investor from a Financial Action Task Force…
The Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR) is a key component of the Basel III liquidity risk management framework, designed to promote long-term funding stability in banks. It complements the Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) by addressing structural liquidity risk over a one-year horizon, thereby reducing banks’ reliance on volatile short-term funding. Purpose of the NSFR The…
RBI on Monday July 21, 2025 through notification announced that “it has been decided to permit banks to reckon Government securities as Level 1 HQLA* under FALLCR** within the mandatory SLR requirement up to 16 percent of their NDTL, under Basel III Framework on Liquidity Standards. Consequently, the total HQLA carve-out from the mandatory SLR,…
Banks and other regulated financial entities in India are required to adhere to comprehensive reporting obligations concerning internal controls, particularly in the areas of fraud detection, internal audit mechanisms, and compliance with regulatory guidelines issued by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). These requirements are essential for ensuring systemic stability, operational resilience, and effective supervisory…
A Management Information System (MIS) in the banking sector refers to an integrated system designed to collect, process, analyze, and disseminate data to support strategic decision-making, operational planning, and effective control. MIS serves as a vital tool for enhancing efficiency, managing risks, ensuring regulatory compliance, and improving customer service within financial institutions. Key Functions of…
Liquidity management across multiple currencies is a critical component of sound banking practice, particularly for banks engaged in international operations. Effective liquidity management ensures that a bank can meet its financial obligations in all operating currencies, even during periods of market stress. Regulatory frameworks emphasize the need for adequate high-quality liquid assets (HQLAs), diversification of…
The overseas operations of Indian banks and the branches of foreign banks in India are governed by regulations from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). Indian banks have branches and subsidiaries in various countries, while foreign banks operate in India through branches and, increasingly, through wholly-owned subsidiaries. The RBI’s regulations aim to balance the growth…
