Principles of Directing: Meaning, Characteristics and Functions
Directing is a fundamental function of management, encompassing the processes of guiding, motivating, supervising, and leading employees to achieve organizational objectives. It is distinguished by its pervasive, continuous, action-oriented, and human-centric nature, integrating critical elements such as supervision, motivation, leadership, and communication. Through effective directing, organizations initiate action, align efforts, drive change, and maintain operational…
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Government Withdraws Income-Tax Bill, 2025; Revised Draft to be Introduced on August 11
The Government of India has formally withdrawn the Income-Tax Bill, 2025, which was introduced in the Lok Sabha on February 13, 2025, to replace the six-decade-old Income-Tax Act, 1961. A revised draft, incorporating the recommendations of the Select Committee chaired by BJP MP Baijayant Panda, is scheduled to be presented in the House on August…
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What is Insider Trading?
Insider trading refers to the use of price-sensitive information by the insider/s of the company to make private gains or avert private losses at the cost of investors not having access to such information. The insider means a person who may reasonably be expected to have unpublished price sensitive information in respect of securities of…
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Objectives of Staffing
The primary objective of staffing is to ensure that an organization has the right number of qualified individuals, equipped with the necessary skills and abilities, in appropriate positions at the right time, to achieve its strategic goals. This involves a series of activities such as recruitment, selection, training, and development to build a capable, motivated,…
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Human Resource Development (HRD)
Definition: Human Resource Development (HRD) is a systematic process aimed at enhancing the skills, knowledge, and abilities of employees to improve their performance and contribute to organizational objectives. It includes activities such as training, mentoring, and career development, with the goal of optimizing human capital and fostering a culture of continuous learning. 1. Key Aspects…
Performance Appraisal
A performance appraisal—also referred to as a performance review or employee appraisal—is a structured process for evaluating and documenting an employee’s job performance. It measures contributions, skills, and accomplishments against predefined criteria and organizational objectives, providing a foundation for feedback, development, and decision-making. 1. Purpose Performance appraisals aim to: 2. Frequency Appraisals may be conducted:…
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